Copyright | (c) Daan Leijen 2002 (c) Andriy Palamarchuk 2008 |
---|---|
License | BSD-style |
Maintainer | libraries@haskell.org |
Stability | provisional |
Portability | portable |
Safe Haskell | Trustworthy |
Language | Haskell98 |
An efficient implementation of maps from integer keys to values (dictionaries).
API of this module is strict in both the keys and the values.
If you need value-lazy maps, use Data.IntMap.Lazy instead.
The IntMap
type itself is shared between the lazy and strict modules,
meaning that the same IntMap
value can be passed to functions in
both modules (although that is rarely needed).
These modules are intended to be imported qualified, to avoid name clashes with Prelude functions, e.g.
import Data.IntMap.Strict (IntMap) import qualified Data.IntMap.Strict as IntMap
The implementation is based on big-endian patricia trees. This data
structure performs especially well on binary operations like union
and intersection
. However, my benchmarks show that it is also
(much) faster on insertions and deletions when compared to a generic
size-balanced map implementation (see Data.Map).
- Chris Okasaki and Andy Gill, "Fast Mergeable Integer Maps",
Workshop on ML, September 1998, pages 77-86,
http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/okasaki98fast.html
- D.R. Morrison, "/PATRICIA -- Practical Algorithm To Retrieve Information Coded In Alphanumeric/", Journal of the ACM, 15(4), October 1968, pages 514-534.
Operation comments contain the operation time complexity in
the Big-O notation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_O_notation.
Many operations have a worst-case complexity of O(min(n,W)).
This means that the operation can become linear in the number of
elements with a maximum of W -- the number of bits in an Int
(32 or 64).
Be aware that the Functor
, Traversable
and Data
instances
are the same as for the Data.IntMap.Lazy module, so if they are used
on strict maps, the resulting maps will be lazy.
- data IntMap a
- type Key = Int
- (!) :: IntMap a -> Key -> a
- (\\) :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
- null :: IntMap a -> Bool
- size :: IntMap a -> Int
- member :: Key -> IntMap a -> Bool
- notMember :: Key -> IntMap a -> Bool
- lookup :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe a
- findWithDefault :: a -> Key -> IntMap a -> a
- lookupLT :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
- lookupGT :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
- lookupLE :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
- lookupGE :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
- empty :: IntMap a
- singleton :: Key -> a -> IntMap a
- insert :: Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- insertWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- insertWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- insertLookupWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> (Maybe a, IntMap a)
- delete :: Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- adjust :: (a -> a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- adjustWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- update :: (a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- updateWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- updateLookupWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> (Maybe a, IntMap a)
- alter :: (Maybe a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- alterF :: Functor f => (Maybe a -> f (Maybe a)) -> Key -> IntMap a -> f (IntMap a)
- union :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- unionWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- unionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- unions :: [IntMap a] -> IntMap a
- unionsWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [IntMap a] -> IntMap a
- difference :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
- differenceWith :: (a -> b -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
- differenceWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
- intersection :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
- intersectionWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
- intersectionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
- mergeWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> Maybe c) -> (IntMap a -> IntMap c) -> (IntMap b -> IntMap c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
- map :: (a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
- mapWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
- traverseWithKey :: Applicative t => (Key -> a -> t b) -> IntMap a -> t (IntMap b)
- mapAccum :: (a -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
- mapAccumWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
- mapAccumRWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
- mapKeys :: (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- mapKeysWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- mapKeysMonotonic :: (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
- foldl :: (a -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
- foldrWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
- foldlWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
- foldMapWithKey :: Monoid m => (Key -> a -> m) -> IntMap a -> m
- foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
- foldl' :: (a -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
- foldrWithKey' :: (Key -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
- foldlWithKey' :: (a -> Key -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
- elems :: IntMap a -> [a]
- keys :: IntMap a -> [Key]
- assocs :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
- keysSet :: IntMap a -> IntSet
- fromSet :: (Key -> a) -> IntSet -> IntMap a
- toList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
- fromList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- fromListWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- fromListWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- toAscList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
- toDescList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
- fromAscList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- fromAscListWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- fromAscListWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- fromDistinctAscList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
- filter :: (a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- filterWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- restrictKeys :: IntMap a -> IntSet -> IntMap a
- withoutKeys :: IntMap a -> IntSet -> IntMap a
- partition :: (a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
- partitionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
- mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
- mapMaybeWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
- mapEither :: (a -> Either b c) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap b, IntMap c)
- mapEitherWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Either b c) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap b, IntMap c)
- split :: Key -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
- splitLookup :: Key -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, Maybe a, IntMap a)
- splitRoot :: IntMap a -> [IntMap a]
- isSubmapOf :: Eq a => IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool
- isSubmapOfBy :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> Bool
- isProperSubmapOf :: Eq a => IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool
- isProperSubmapOfBy :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> Bool
- findMin :: IntMap a -> (Key, a)
- findMax :: IntMap a -> (Key, a)
- deleteMin :: IntMap a -> IntMap a
- deleteMax :: IntMap a -> IntMap a
- deleteFindMin :: IntMap a -> ((Key, a), IntMap a)
- deleteFindMax :: IntMap a -> ((Key, a), IntMap a)
- updateMin :: (a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- updateMax :: (a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- updateMinWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- updateMaxWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
- minView :: IntMap a -> Maybe (a, IntMap a)
- maxView :: IntMap a -> Maybe (a, IntMap a)
- minViewWithKey :: IntMap a -> Maybe ((Key, a), IntMap a)
- maxViewWithKey :: IntMap a -> Maybe ((Key, a), IntMap a)
- showTree :: Show a => IntMap a -> String
- showTreeWith :: Show a => Bool -> Bool -> IntMap a -> String
Strictness properties
This module satisfies the following strictness properties:
- Key arguments are evaluated to WHNF;
- Keys and values are evaluated to WHNF before they are stored in the map.
Here's an example illustrating the first property:
delete undefined m == undefined
Here are some examples that illustrate the second property:
map (\ v -> undefined) m == undefined -- m is not empty mapKeys (\ k -> undefined) m == undefined -- m is not empty
Map type
data IntMap a
A map of integers to values a
.
Operators
O(min(n,W)). Find the value at a key.
Calls error
when the element can not be found.
fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')] ! 1 Error: element not in the map fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')] ! 5 == 'a'
(\\) :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a infixl 9
Same as difference
.
Query
O(1). Is the map empty?
Data.IntMap.null (empty) == True Data.IntMap.null (singleton 1 'a') == False
O(n). Number of elements in the map.
size empty == 0 size (singleton 1 'a') == 1 size (fromList([(1,'a'), (2,'c'), (3,'b')])) == 3
member :: Key -> IntMap a -> Bool
O(min(n,W)). Is the key a member of the map?
member 5 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == True member 1 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == False
notMember :: Key -> IntMap a -> Bool
O(min(n,W)). Is the key not a member of the map?
notMember 5 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == False notMember 1 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == True
lookup :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe a
O(min(n,W)). Lookup the value at a key in the map. See also lookup
.
findWithDefault :: a -> Key -> IntMap a -> a
O(min(n,W)). The expression (
returns the value at key findWithDefault
def k map)k
or returns def
when the key is not an
element of the map.
findWithDefault 'x' 1 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == 'x' findWithDefault 'x' 5 (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == 'a'
lookupLT :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
O(log n). Find largest key smaller than the given one and return the corresponding (key, value) pair.
lookupLT 3 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Nothing lookupLT 4 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (3, 'a')
lookupGT :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
O(log n). Find smallest key greater than the given one and return the corresponding (key, value) pair.
lookupGT 4 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (5, 'b') lookupGT 5 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Nothing
lookupLE :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
O(log n). Find largest key smaller or equal to the given one and return the corresponding (key, value) pair.
lookupLE 2 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Nothing lookupLE 4 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (3, 'a') lookupLE 5 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (5, 'b')
lookupGE :: Key -> IntMap a -> Maybe (Key, a)
O(log n). Find smallest key greater or equal to the given one and return the corresponding (key, value) pair.
lookupGE 3 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (3, 'a') lookupGE 4 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Just (5, 'b') lookupGE 6 (fromList [(3,'a'), (5,'b')]) == Nothing
Construction
singleton :: Key -> a -> IntMap a
O(1). A map of one element.
singleton 1 'a' == fromList [(1, 'a')] size (singleton 1 'a') == 1
Insertion
insert :: Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Insert a new key/value pair in the map.
If the key is already present in the map, the associated value is
replaced with the supplied value, i.e. insert
is equivalent to
.insertWith
const
insert 5 'x' (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == fromList [(3, 'b'), (5, 'x')] insert 7 'x' (fromList [(5,'a'), (3,'b')]) == fromList [(3, 'b'), (5, 'a'), (7, 'x')] insert 5 'x' empty == singleton 5 'x'
insertWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Insert with a combining function.
will insert the pair (key, value) into insertWith
f key value mpmp
if key does
not exist in the map. If the key does exist, the function will
insert f new_value old_value
.
insertWith (++) 5 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "xxxa")] insertWith (++) 7 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a"), (7, "xxx")] insertWith (++) 5 "xxx" empty == singleton 5 "xxx"
insertWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Insert with a combining function.
will insert the pair (key, value) into insertWithKey
f key value mpmp
if key does
not exist in the map. If the key does exist, the function will
insert f key new_value old_value
.
let f key new_value old_value = (show key) ++ ":" ++ new_value ++ "|" ++ old_value insertWithKey f 5 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:xxx|a")] insertWithKey f 7 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a"), (7, "xxx")] insertWithKey f 5 "xxx" empty == singleton 5 "xxx"
If the key exists in the map, this function is lazy in x
but strict
in the result of f
.
insertLookupWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> Key -> a -> IntMap a -> (Maybe a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). The expression (
)
is a pair where the first element is equal to (insertLookupWithKey
f k x map
)
and the second element equal to (lookup
k map
).insertWithKey
f k x map
let f key new_value old_value = (show key) ++ ":" ++ new_value ++ "|" ++ old_value insertLookupWithKey f 5 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Just "a", fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:xxx|a")]) insertLookupWithKey f 7 "xxx" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Nothing, fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a"), (7, "xxx")]) insertLookupWithKey f 5 "xxx" empty == (Nothing, singleton 5 "xxx")
This is how to define insertLookup
using insertLookupWithKey
:
let insertLookup kx x t = insertLookupWithKey (\_ a _ -> a) kx x t insertLookup 5 "x" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Just "a", fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "x")]) insertLookup 7 "x" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Nothing, fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a"), (7, "x")])
Delete/Update
delete :: Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Delete a key and its value from the map. When the key is not a member of the map, the original map is returned.
delete 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 3 "b" delete 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] delete 5 empty == empty
adjust :: (a -> a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Adjust a value at a specific key. When the key is not a member of the map, the original map is returned.
adjust ("new " ++) 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "new a")] adjust ("new " ++) 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] adjust ("new " ++) 7 empty == empty
adjustWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). Adjust a value at a specific key. When the key is not a member of the map, the original map is returned.
let f key x = (show key) ++ ":new " ++ x adjustWithKey f 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:new a")] adjustWithKey f 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] adjustWithKey f 7 empty == empty
update :: (a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). The expression (
) updates the value update
f k mapx
at k
(if it is in the map). If (f x
) is Nothing
, the element is
deleted. If it is (
), the key Just
yk
is bound to the new value y
.
let f x = if x == "a" then Just "new a" else Nothing update f 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "new a")] update f 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] update f 3 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "a"
updateWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(min(n,W)). The expression (
) updates the value update
f k mapx
at k
(if it is in the map). If (f k x
) is Nothing
, the element is
deleted. If it is (
), the key Just
yk
is bound to the new value y
.
let f k x = if x == "a" then Just ((show k) ++ ":new a") else Nothing updateWithKey f 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:new a")] updateWithKey f 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] updateWithKey f 3 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "a"
updateLookupWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> Key -> IntMap a -> (Maybe a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Lookup and update.
The function returns original value, if it is updated.
This is different behavior than updateLookupWithKey
.
Returns the original key value if the map entry is deleted.
let f k x = if x == "a" then Just ((show k) ++ ":new a") else Nothing updateLookupWithKey f 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Just "a", fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:new a")]) updateLookupWithKey f 7 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Nothing, fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")]) updateLookupWithKey f 3 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (Just "b", singleton 5 "a")
alterF :: Functor f => (Maybe a -> f (Maybe a)) -> Key -> IntMap a -> f (IntMap a)
O(log n). The expression (
) alters the value alterF
f k mapx
at
k
, or absence thereof. alterF
can be used to inspect, insert, delete,
or update a value in an IntMap
. In short :
.lookup
k $ alterF
f k m = f
(lookup
k m)
Example:
interactiveAlter :: Int -> IntMap String -> IO (IntMap String) interactiveAlter k m = alterF f k m where f Nothing -> do putStrLn $ show k ++ " was not found in the map. Would you like to add it?" getUserResponse1 :: IO (Maybe String) f (Just old) -> do putStrLn "The key is currently bound to " ++ show old ++ ". Would you like to change or delete it?" getUserresponse2 :: IO (Maybe String)
alterF
is the most general operation for working with an individual
key that may or may not be in a given map.
Combine
Union
unionWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n+m). The union with a combining function.
unionWith (++) (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "aA"), (7, "C")]
unionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n+m). The union with a combining function.
let f key left_value right_value = (show key) ++ ":" ++ left_value ++ "|" ++ right_value unionWithKey f (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "5:a|A"), (7, "C")]
unions :: [IntMap a] -> IntMap a
The union of a list of maps.
unions [(fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]), (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]), (fromList [(5, "A3"), (3, "B3")])] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a"), (7, "C")] unions [(fromList [(5, "A3"), (3, "B3")]), (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]), (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")])] == fromList [(3, "B3"), (5, "A3"), (7, "C")]
unionsWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [IntMap a] -> IntMap a
The union of a list of maps, with a combining operation.
unionsWith (++) [(fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]), (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]), (fromList [(5, "A3"), (3, "B3")])] == fromList [(3, "bB3"), (5, "aAA3"), (7, "C")]
Difference
difference :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
O(n+m). Difference between two maps (based on keys).
difference (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == singleton 3 "b"
differenceWith :: (a -> b -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
O(n+m). Difference with a combining function.
let f al ar = if al == "b" then Just (al ++ ":" ++ ar) else Nothing differenceWith f (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (3, "B"), (7, "C")]) == singleton 3 "b:B"
differenceWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
O(n+m). Difference with a combining function. When two equal keys are
encountered, the combining function is applied to the key and both values.
If it returns Nothing
, the element is discarded (proper set difference).
If it returns (
), the element is updated with a new value Just
yy
.
let f k al ar = if al == "b" then Just ((show k) ++ ":" ++ al ++ "|" ++ ar) else Nothing differenceWithKey f (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (3, "B"), (10, "C")]) == singleton 3 "3:b|B"
Intersection
intersection :: IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a
O(n+m). The (left-biased) intersection of two maps (based on keys).
intersection (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == singleton 5 "a"
intersectionWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
O(n+m). The intersection with a combining function.
intersectionWith (++) (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == singleton 5 "aA"
intersectionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
O(n+m). The intersection with a combining function.
let f k al ar = (show k) ++ ":" ++ al ++ "|" ++ ar intersectionWithKey f (fromList [(5, "a"), (3, "b")]) (fromList [(5, "A"), (7, "C")]) == singleton 5 "5:a|A"
Universal combining function
mergeWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> Maybe c) -> (IntMap a -> IntMap c) -> (IntMap b -> IntMap c) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> IntMap c
O(n+m). A high-performance universal combining function. Using
mergeWithKey
, all combining functions can be defined without any loss of
efficiency (with exception of union
, difference
and intersection
,
where sharing of some nodes is lost with mergeWithKey
).
Please make sure you know what is going on when using mergeWithKey
,
otherwise you can be surprised by unexpected code growth or even
corruption of the data structure.
When mergeWithKey
is given three arguments, it is inlined to the call
site. You should therefore use mergeWithKey
only to define your custom
combining functions. For example, you could define unionWithKey
,
differenceWithKey
and intersectionWithKey
as
myUnionWithKey f m1 m2 = mergeWithKey (\k x1 x2 -> Just (f k x1 x2)) id id m1 m2 myDifferenceWithKey f m1 m2 = mergeWithKey f id (const empty) m1 m2 myIntersectionWithKey f m1 m2 = mergeWithKey (\k x1 x2 -> Just (f k x1 x2)) (const empty) (const empty) m1 m2
When calling
, a function combining two
mergeWithKey
combine only1 only2IntMap
s is created, such that
- if a key is present in both maps, it is passed with both corresponding
values to the
combine
function. Depending on the result, the key is either present in the result with specified value, or is left out; - a nonempty subtree present only in the first map is passed to
only1
and the output is added to the result; - a nonempty subtree present only in the second map is passed to
only2
and the output is added to the result.
The only1
and only2
methods must return a map with a subset (possibly empty) of the keys of the given map.
The values can be modified arbitrarily. Most common variants of only1
and
only2
are id
and
, but for example const
empty
or
map
f
could be used for any filterWithKey
ff
.
Traversal
Map
map :: (a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
O(n). Map a function over all values in the map.
map (++ "x") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "bx"), (5, "ax")]
mapWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
O(n). Map a function over all values in the map.
let f key x = (show key) ++ ":" ++ x mapWithKey f (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "3:b"), (5, "5:a")]
traverseWithKey :: Applicative t => (Key -> a -> t b) -> IntMap a -> t (IntMap b)
O(n).
That is, behaves exactly like a regular traverseWithKey
f s == fromList
$ traverse
((k, v) -> (,) k $ f k v) (toList
m)traverse
except that the traversing
function also has access to the key associated with a value.
traverseWithKey (\k v -> if odd k then Just (succ v) else Nothing) (fromList [(1, 'a'), (5, 'e')]) == Just (fromList [(1, 'b'), (5, 'f')]) traverseWithKey (\k v -> if odd k then Just (succ v) else Nothing) (fromList [(2, 'c')]) == Nothing
mapAccum :: (a -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
O(n). The function
threads an accumulating
argument through the map in ascending order of keys.mapAccum
let f a b = (a ++ b, b ++ "X") mapAccum f "Everything: " (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == ("Everything: ba", fromList [(3, "bX"), (5, "aX")])
mapAccumWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
O(n). The function
threads an accumulating
argument through the map in ascending order of keys.mapAccumWithKey
let f a k b = (a ++ " " ++ (show k) ++ "-" ++ b, b ++ "X") mapAccumWithKey f "Everything:" (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == ("Everything: 3-b 5-a", fromList [(3, "bX"), (5, "aX")])
mapAccumRWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> (a, c)) -> a -> IntMap b -> (a, IntMap c)
O(n). The function
threads an accumulating
argument through the map in descending order of keys.mapAccumR
mapKeys :: (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n*min(n,W)).
is the map obtained by applying mapKeys
f sf
to each key of s
.
The size of the result may be smaller if f
maps two or more distinct
keys to the same new key. In this case the value at the greatest of the
original keys is retained.
mapKeys (+ 1) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(4, "b"), (6, "a")] mapKeys (\ _ -> 1) (fromList [(1,"b"), (2,"a"), (3,"d"), (4,"c")]) == singleton 1 "c" mapKeys (\ _ -> 3) (fromList [(1,"b"), (2,"a"), (3,"d"), (4,"c")]) == singleton 3 "c"
mapKeysWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n*log n).
is the map obtained by applying mapKeysWith
c f sf
to each key of s
.
The size of the result may be smaller if f
maps two or more distinct
keys to the same new key. In this case the associated values will be
combined using c
.
mapKeysWith (++) (\ _ -> 1) (fromList [(1,"b"), (2,"a"), (3,"d"), (4,"c")]) == singleton 1 "cdab" mapKeysWith (++) (\ _ -> 3) (fromList [(1,"b"), (2,"a"), (3,"d"), (4,"c")]) == singleton 3 "cdab"
mapKeysMonotonic :: (Key -> Key) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n*min(n,W)).
, but works only when mapKeysMonotonic
f s == mapKeys
f sf
is strictly monotonic.
That is, for any values x
and y
, if x
< y
then f x
< f y
.
The precondition is not checked.
Semi-formally, we have:
and [x < y ==> f x < f y | x <- ls, y <- ls] ==> mapKeysMonotonic f s == mapKeys f s where ls = keys s
This means that f
maps distinct original keys to distinct resulting keys.
This function has slightly better performance than mapKeys
.
mapKeysMonotonic (\ k -> k * 2) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(6, "b"), (10, "a")]
Folds
foldrWithKey :: (Key -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
O(n). Fold the keys and values in the map using the given right-associative
binary operator, such that
.foldrWithKey
f z == foldr
(uncurry
f) z . toAscList
For example,
keys map = foldrWithKey (\k x ks -> k:ks) [] map
let f k a result = result ++ "(" ++ (show k) ++ ":" ++ a ++ ")" foldrWithKey f "Map: " (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == "Map: (5:a)(3:b)"
foldlWithKey :: (a -> Key -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
O(n). Fold the keys and values in the map using the given left-associative
binary operator, such that
.foldlWithKey
f z == foldl
(\z' (kx, x) -> f z' kx x) z . toAscList
For example,
keys = reverse . foldlWithKey (\ks k x -> k:ks) []
let f result k a = result ++ "(" ++ (show k) ++ ":" ++ a ++ ")" foldlWithKey f "Map: " (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == "Map: (3:b)(5:a)"
foldMapWithKey :: Monoid m => (Key -> a -> m) -> IntMap a -> m
O(n). Fold the keys and values in the map using the given monoid, such that
foldMapWithKey
f =fold
.mapWithKey
f
This can be an asymptotically faster than foldrWithKey
or foldlWithKey
for some monoids.
Strict folds
foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
O(n). A strict version of foldr
. Each application of the operator is
evaluated before using the result in the next application. This
function is strict in the starting value.
foldl' :: (a -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
O(n). A strict version of foldl
. Each application of the operator is
evaluated before using the result in the next application. This
function is strict in the starting value.
foldrWithKey' :: (Key -> a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b
O(n). A strict version of foldrWithKey
. Each application of the operator is
evaluated before using the result in the next application. This
function is strict in the starting value.
foldlWithKey' :: (a -> Key -> b -> a) -> a -> IntMap b -> a
O(n). A strict version of foldlWithKey
. Each application of the operator is
evaluated before using the result in the next application. This
function is strict in the starting value.
Conversion
O(n). Return all elements of the map in the ascending order of their keys. Subject to list fusion.
elems (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == ["b","a"] elems empty == []
O(n). Return all keys of the map in ascending order. Subject to list fusion.
keys (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == [3,5] keys empty == []
assocs :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
O(n). An alias for toAscList
. Returns all key/value pairs in the
map in ascending key order. Subject to list fusion.
assocs (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == [(3,"b"), (5,"a")] assocs empty == []
O(n*min(n,W)). The set of all keys of the map.
keysSet (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == Data.IntSet.fromList [3,5] keysSet empty == Data.IntSet.empty
fromSet :: (Key -> a) -> IntSet -> IntMap a
O(n). Build a map from a set of keys and a function which for each key computes its value.
fromSet (\k -> replicate k 'a') (Data.IntSet.fromList [3, 5]) == fromList [(5,"aaaaa"), (3,"aaa")] fromSet undefined Data.IntSet.empty == empty
Lists
toList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
O(n). Convert the map to a list of key/value pairs. Subject to list fusion.
toList (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == [(3,"b"), (5,"a")] toList empty == []
fromList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n*min(n,W)). Create a map from a list of key/value pairs.
fromList [] == empty fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (5, "c")] == fromList [(5,"c"), (3,"b")] fromList [(5,"c"), (3,"b"), (5, "a")] == fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]
fromListWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n*min(n,W)). Create a map from a list of key/value pairs with a combining function. See also fromAscListWith
.
fromListWith (++) [(5,"a"), (5,"b"), (3,"b"), (3,"a"), (5,"a")] == fromList [(3, "ab"), (5, "aba")] fromListWith (++) [] == empty
fromListWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n*min(n,W)). Build a map from a list of key/value pairs with a combining function. See also fromAscListWithKey'.
fromListWith (++) [(5,"a"), (5,"b"), (3,"b"), (3,"a"), (5,"a")] == fromList [(3, "ab"), (5, "aba")] fromListWith (++) [] == empty
Ordered lists
toAscList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
O(n). Convert the map to a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in ascending order. Subject to list fusion.
toAscList (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == [(3,"b"), (5,"a")]
toDescList :: IntMap a -> [(Key, a)]
O(n). Convert the map to a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in descending order. Subject to list fusion.
toDescList (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]
fromAscList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n). Build a map from a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in ascending order.
fromAscList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")] fromAscList [(3,"b"), (5,"a"), (5,"b")] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "b")]
fromAscListWith :: (a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n). Build a map from a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in ascending order, with a combining function on equal keys. The precondition (input list is ascending) is not checked.
fromAscListWith (++) [(3,"b"), (5,"a"), (5,"b")] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "ba")]
fromAscListWithKey :: (Key -> a -> a -> a) -> [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n). Build a map from a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in ascending order, with a combining function on equal keys. The precondition (input list is ascending) is not checked.
fromAscListWith (++) [(3,"b"), (5,"a"), (5,"b")] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "ba")]
fromDistinctAscList :: [(Key, a)] -> IntMap a
O(n). Build a map from a list of key/value pairs where the keys are in ascending order and all distinct. The precondition (input list is strictly ascending) is not checked.
fromDistinctAscList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")] == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")]
Filter
filter :: (a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n). Filter all values that satisfy some predicate.
filter (> "a") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 3 "b" filter (> "x") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == empty filter (< "a") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == empty
filterWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(n). Filter all keys/values that satisfy some predicate.
filterWithKey (\k _ -> k > 4) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "a"
restrictKeys :: IntMap a -> IntSet -> IntMap a
O(n+m). The restriction of a map to the keys in a set.
mrestrictKeys
s =filterWithKey
(k _ -> k `'IntSet.member'` s) m
@since 0.5.8
withoutKeys :: IntMap a -> IntSet -> IntMap a
Remove all the keys in a given set from a map.
mwithoutKeys
s =filterWithKey
(k _ -> k `'IntSet.notMember'` s) m
@since 0.5.8
partition :: (a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
O(n). Partition the map according to some predicate. The first
map contains all elements that satisfy the predicate, the second all
elements that fail the predicate. See also split
.
partition (> "a") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 3 "b", singleton 5 "a") partition (< "x") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")], empty) partition (> "x") (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")])
partitionWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
O(n). Partition the map according to some predicate. The first
map contains all elements that satisfy the predicate, the second all
elements that fail the predicate. See also split
.
partitionWithKey (\ k _ -> k > 3) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 5 "a", singleton 3 "b") partitionWithKey (\ k _ -> k < 7) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")], empty) partitionWithKey (\ k _ -> k > 7) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "a")])
mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
O(n). Map values and collect the Just
results.
let f x = if x == "a" then Just "new a" else Nothing mapMaybe f (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "new a"
mapMaybeWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b
O(n). Map keys/values and collect the Just
results.
let f k _ = if k < 5 then Just ("key : " ++ (show k)) else Nothing mapMaybeWithKey f (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 3 "key : 3"
mapEither :: (a -> Either b c) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap b, IntMap c)
O(n). Map values and separate the Left
and Right
results.
let f a = if a < "c" then Left a else Right a mapEither f (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (1,"x"), (7,"z")]) == (fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")], fromList [(1,"x"), (7,"z")]) mapEither (\ a -> Right a) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (1,"x"), (7,"z")]) == (empty, fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (1,"x"), (7,"z")])
mapEitherWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Either b c) -> IntMap a -> (IntMap b, IntMap c)
O(n). Map keys/values and separate the Left
and Right
results.
let f k a = if k < 5 then Left (k * 2) else Right (a ++ a) mapEitherWithKey f (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (1,"x"), (7,"z")]) == (fromList [(1,2), (3,6)], fromList [(5,"aa"), (7,"zz")]) mapEitherWithKey (\_ a -> Right a) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b"), (1,"x"), (7,"z")]) == (empty, fromList [(1,"x"), (3,"b"), (5,"a"), (7,"z")])
split :: Key -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). The expression (
) is a pair split
k map(map1,map2)
where all keys in map1
are lower than k
and all keys in
map2
larger than k
. Any key equal to k
is found in neither map1
nor map2
.
split 2 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")]) split 3 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, singleton 5 "a") split 4 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 3 "b", singleton 5 "a") split 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 3 "b", empty) split 6 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")], empty)
splitLookup :: Key -> IntMap a -> (IntMap a, Maybe a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Performs a split
but also returns whether the pivot
key was found in the original map.
splitLookup 2 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, Nothing, fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")]) splitLookup 3 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (empty, Just "b", singleton 5 "a") splitLookup 4 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 3 "b", Nothing, singleton 5 "a") splitLookup 5 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (singleton 3 "b", Just "a", empty) splitLookup 6 (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == (fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"a")], Nothing, empty)
splitRoot :: IntMap a -> [IntMap a]
O(1). Decompose a map into pieces based on the structure of the underlying tree. This function is useful for consuming a map in parallel.
No guarantee is made as to the sizes of the pieces; an internal, but deterministic process determines this. However, it is guaranteed that the pieces returned will be in ascending order (all elements in the first submap less than all elements in the second, and so on).
Examples:
splitRoot (fromList (zip [1..6::Int] ['a'..])) == [fromList [(1,'a'),(2,'b'),(3,'c')],fromList [(4,'d'),(5,'e'),(6,'f')]]
splitRoot empty == []
Note that the current implementation does not return more than two submaps, but you should not depend on this behaviour because it can change in the future without notice.
Submap
isSubmapOf :: Eq a => IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool
O(n+m). Is this a submap?
Defined as (
).isSubmapOf
= isSubmapOfBy
(==)
isSubmapOfBy :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> Bool
O(n+m).
The expression (
) returns isSubmapOfBy
f m1 m2True
if
all keys in m1
are in m2
, and when f
returns True
when
applied to their respective values. For example, the following
expressions are all True
:
isSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isSubmapOfBy (<=) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)])
But the following are all False
:
isSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,2)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isSubmapOfBy (<) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) (fromList [(1,1)])
isProperSubmapOf :: Eq a => IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool
O(n+m). Is this a proper submap? (ie. a submap but not equal).
Defined as (
).isProperSubmapOf
= isProperSubmapOfBy
(==)
isProperSubmapOfBy :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b -> Bool
O(n+m). Is this a proper submap? (ie. a submap but not equal).
The expression (
) returns isProperSubmapOfBy
f m1 m2True
when
m1
and m2
are not equal,
all keys in m1
are in m2
, and when f
returns True
when
applied to their respective values. For example, the following
expressions are all True
:
isProperSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isProperSubmapOfBy (<=) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)])
But the following are all False
:
isProperSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) isProperSubmapOfBy (==) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)]) (fromList [(1,1)]) isProperSubmapOfBy (<) (fromList [(1,1)]) (fromList [(1,1),(2,2)])
Min/Max
deleteFindMin :: IntMap a -> ((Key, a), IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Delete and find the minimal element.
deleteFindMax :: IntMap a -> ((Key, a), IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Delete and find the maximal element.
updateMin :: (a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(log n). Update the value at the minimal key.
updateMin (\ a -> Just ("X" ++ a)) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "Xb"), (5, "a")] updateMin (\ _ -> Nothing) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "a"
updateMax :: (a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(log n). Update the value at the maximal key.
updateMax (\ a -> Just ("X" ++ a)) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3, "b"), (5, "Xa")] updateMax (\ _ -> Nothing) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 3 "b"
updateMinWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(log n). Update the value at the minimal key.
updateMinWithKey (\ k a -> Just ((show k) ++ ":" ++ a)) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3,"3:b"), (5,"a")] updateMinWithKey (\ _ _ -> Nothing) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 5 "a"
updateMaxWithKey :: (Key -> a -> Maybe a) -> IntMap a -> IntMap a
O(log n). Update the value at the maximal key.
updateMaxWithKey (\ k a -> Just ((show k) ++ ":" ++ a)) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == fromList [(3,"b"), (5,"5:a")] updateMaxWithKey (\ _ _ -> Nothing) (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == singleton 3 "b"
minView :: IntMap a -> Maybe (a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Retrieves the minimal key of the map, and the map
stripped of that element, or Nothing
if passed an empty map.
maxView :: IntMap a -> Maybe (a, IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Retrieves the maximal key of the map, and the map
stripped of that element, or Nothing
if passed an empty map.
minViewWithKey :: IntMap a -> Maybe ((Key, a), IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Retrieves the minimal (key,value) pair of the map, and
the map stripped of that element, or Nothing
if passed an empty map.
minViewWithKey (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == Just ((3,"b"), singleton 5 "a") minViewWithKey empty == Nothing
maxViewWithKey :: IntMap a -> Maybe ((Key, a), IntMap a)
O(min(n,W)). Retrieves the maximal (key,value) pair of the map, and
the map stripped of that element, or Nothing
if passed an empty map.
maxViewWithKey (fromList [(5,"a"), (3,"b")]) == Just ((5,"a"), singleton 3 "b") maxViewWithKey empty == Nothing
Debugging
showTree :: Show a => IntMap a -> String
O(n). Show the tree that implements the map. The tree is shown in a compressed, hanging format.
showTreeWith :: Show a => Bool -> Bool -> IntMap a -> String
O(n). The expression (
) shows
the tree that implements the map. If showTreeWith
hang wide maphang
is
True
, a hanging tree is shown otherwise a rotated tree is shown. If
wide
is True
, an extra wide version is shown.